Commercial Sales

You might have been looking for a commercial property, and wondered, ‘What does GBA mean in commercial real estate? In the property market, particularly in regards to commercial real estate, there are many different ways of calculating the area of a property or building. As such, it is important to understand the differences between them, so when you look for your next commercial property, you will be able to understand exactly what you are paying for. We have gone through and explained some of the key terms used when calculating the area of a commercial property. What does GBA (Gross Building Area) mean?  GBA, or Gross Building Area, is a unit of measurement unit used in commercial property valuations. This measurement differs from the measurement type of residential real estate, which predominantly uses GLA or Gross Living Area.   GBA includes the total enclosed area of a building and the sum total of all floors. This is determined by the slab area measured to the exterior surface of the exterior walls, excluding elevator shaft openings. What is GLA (Gross Living Area)?  Gross Living Area has been defined by the Dictionary of Real Estate Appraisal, as the “Total area of finished, above-grade residential space; calculated by measuring the outside perimeter of the structure and includes only finished, habitable, above-grade living space. Finished basements and attic areas are not generally included in the gross living area.”, or put simply, the habitable area of the property, including both heated and cooled areas.  GLA will also tend to include common areas and areas that the tenant can use but do not necessarily occupy. This can include areas such as elevator space, common bathrooms, stairwells and other shared spaces. It usually includes certain common areas, elevators, common bathrooms, stairwells, and other portions of the building that the tenants do not occupy, but can use. What is the difference between GBA and GLA? The reason why commercial property uses a different unit of measurement is that areas of the property that are not heated or cooled may still be usable aspects of the property. Therefore GBA takes into account the total or gross building area. A GBA evaluation will generally not include below-ground space as part of their square footage equation but will include the space in their appraisal valuation What is NLA/NRA (Net Leasable Area/Net Rentable Area)? Another term that may be used is NLA/NRA, which stands for Net Leasable Area/Net Rentable Area. This is used to measure the total area of floor space that may be rented out to a tenant. This differs from GBA, as it will generally exclude common areas, such as a shared pantry, or shared washrooms, or reception areas, as well as excluding areas dedicated to the heating and/or cooling of the building, as well as the building’s utility areas.   Tenants and property owners should also be aware of the term BUA or Built-Up Area. This is the sum of all usable areas, circulation areas, service areas, balconies, plus the area of all factored non and semi-enclosed areas.  How to calculate GBA?  GBA is calculated by measuring to the outside finished surface of the permanent outer building walls, without any deductions for features such as stairwells, or walkways, common areas and shared spaces, alongside unusable or non-leasable areas. This type of calculation is generally done for larger commercial spaces with a high number of square footage. So, to answer the question, ‘What does GBA mean in commercial real estate?’, simply put, it is just one of many units of measurement for commercial property.  Navigating the commercial property market can be a complex process, especially when there are so many different terms and industry-specific vocabulary. It is therefore important to work with a trusted real estate professional that specialises in commercial property. A specialised commercial property consultant will be able to talk you through all the terms you need to know and help you through the entire process. 

When looking for a commercial property, you might come across some terms that might seem unfamiliar. One of these terms is ‘NNN’. NNN stands for Triple Net Lease and is one of the most popular types of leasing agreements, which is generally an alternative to a gross lease. So what is a Triple Net Lease? A triple net lease is a type of lease agreement in which the tenant pays all the property expenses. This would include all real estate taxes, building insurance, maintenance, utility bills, as well as the cost of the rent. Due to the fact that the onus is on the tenant to pay for everything, the actual rent for a triple net lease is typically less expensive. A triple net lease differs from a standard lease in that it is generally the landlords’ responsibility to pay for at least some of these expenses. Aside from triple net leases, there are also double net and single net leases. In a single net lease, the landlord takes on more responsibility, with the tenant still taking on some of the additional costs. With a single net lease, the tenant will generally be responsible for the property taxes, whilst the landlord will take ownership of any other costs.  Due to the tenant bearing some of the additional costs, the rents will tend to be lower than a gross net lease but slightly more than a triple net lease. A double net lease will tend to mean the tenant paying for the property taxes and property insurance, with the landlord paying the maintenance costs. Again, these lease types will be lower than the gross net and single net leases. This type of leasing agreement tends to be more popular in larger commercial developments where one landlord will have multiple tenants who may have different square footage. As such, it is easier for the owner to assign taxes and insurances proportional to the amount that is leased.Why choose a triple net lease agreement? Triple net lease agreements have become increasingly popular with investors who are looking to secure a steady income stream at low risk. By not including the additional fees that are generally part of a start of a standard lease agreement, investors avoid any unexpected or additional costs during the tenancy agreement. The landlord will therefore get a fixed income and will not have to shell out on any expenses due to the liability being on the tenant. A triple net lease can also have benefits for the tenant. As all the costs associated with leasing the space falls onto the tenant, it means they can have good negotiating power in terms of the base rent. Providing they are willing to take the risk of paying for any future maintenance costs, or any other unexpected expenses, the tenant may end up securing a property at a much more reasonable price.Is the landlord responsible for any costs in a NNN lease? Whilst the tenant is responsible for most of the costs associated with the property, there are generally a few exceptions. Structural damage, i.e. damage to the roof, or other significant expenditures, are typically covered by the landlord. With that being said, it would be recommended to clarify and discuss with the landlord a price point at which they should pay any costs.So how is NNN cost calculated? The advertised cost may be advertised as AED 14 per square foot. This is the base rent, but then the landlord will add up all the other associated costs, including the insurance and any other property costs which the tenant will have to pay in addition. It will then be up to the tenant to pay for any additional maintenance costs that would be required throughout the duration of the contract. How is NNN lease different from a gross lease agreement?Gross lease is the second most popular type of tenancy agreement. The gross lease or full-service lease will tend to include all costs associated with the property, including tax, property fees, insurance, any maintenance fees and in some cases also utility bills. As such, the tenant will only have to pay one upfront price that is typically more expensive than an NNN rent, which the landlord will use to pay the additional costs themselves. One of the key differences between an NNN lease and a gross lease is that the tenant has much higher responsibility for the space that they are using, and have to bear the risk of undertaking any maintenance issues, and the associated expenses that come with it. As such, gross leases allow tenants to have much greater control over their finances and budgeting, with there being a constant fixed amount that will not change throughout the entire duration of the contract.As one can see, there are different benefits of these different lease types. With that being said, the most important thing a tenant can do is have a thorough discussion with their potential landlord and carefully look at their leasing contract to see what exactly is included in the contract and what each party is expected to pay. What’s more, tenants should choose an experienced commercial estate agency that will be able to help broker these deals and get the best deal for both sides of the deal. If you are looking to rent a commercial property, book a consultation with one of our many expert commercial property consultants.   

When thinking about investing in property, people’s mind generally goes straight to villas and apartments. With that being said, investors are increasingly turning to commercial real estate which is becoming a more viable option for potential buyers. Whilst commercial and residential are both types of property, there are several key differences between them. Investment in either necessitates a solid understanding of the nuanced market factors at work, the differences in financing requirements, property management options, leasing arrangements, and a good understanding of the associated risks and drawbacks. Property types Commercial property generally refers to all real estate that is used for business or commercial purposes. This encompasses everything from office space to retail units as well as specialised property such as hotel apartments, industrial warehouses, or any other establishment where a company operates or is used to generate income. With commercial property encompassing a wide range of unit types, each with its own capabilities and benefits, it is important to understand the difference between them as well as how they can each generate an income. Office space, for instance, will generate revenue and be priced differently to a warehouse or retail unit of a similar size. Different premises require different licenses; as such, it is essential to know what type of property you wish to buy and lease, the necessary licensing it requires, as well as understand the rental possibilities for that unit. Financing Securing a commercial loan is significantly different than a residential mortgage. Commercial units tend to require a more extensive initial investment not just because they are more expensive and have higher market entry points but also because they can be harder to finance. In general, it is easier to get a residential mortgage than a commercial property loan. The loan to value rate should also be taken into consideration, as for commercial properties, they can be very low, with most banks generally requiring at least a 40% down payment. Investors should also take into account that interest rates on commercial properties are generally higher than that of a personal loan or mortgage. Whilst financing a commercial property is certainly possible, this option should be thought of carefully if your purchase is intended to be an investment opportunity. Property value The market price of a residential property is generally determined through supply and demand as well as the key property features, i.e. the number of bedrooms, bathrooms, and the amount of living space. However, determining the value of a commercial property is very different. While location and property features play a role, the primary determinant of a commercial property’s value is calculated by looking at the amount of revenue it can/will generate. As such, it can be easier to increase the value of commercial premises by making strategic decisions that will increase the amount of income the property can make. This might involve subdividing or enlarging the unit, improving the properties appearance, or changing its use, i.e. changing a unit designed as a supermarket into a restaurant. Rental income Another key difference between commercial and residential real estate is the differences in rent, both in terms of the amount, as well as how it is structured. Rent for residential properties is agreed at a set amount and is paid at set times, i.e. monthly. Rent for commercial property, on the other hand, can be handled in different ways. The first is the most simple, a fixed rent for a specified number of years. Another way that rent can be structured, is through a smaller fixed rent plus a percentage of turnover. This can be a lucrative option, although the landlord should do their due diligence and be confident of the tenant’s performance financially.  Investors will generally find that commercial properties will have a better ROI as rental yields tend to be a lot higher.Financial security Another key difference between residential and commercial properties relates to the length of the leasing contract. Commercial real estate generally enjoys much longer lease terms. While a contract for a residential unit tends to lasts a year, companies can sign a leasing agreement for up to 3-5 years at a time. This allows investors with greater security, with a guaranteed income for a longer period of time. The flip side to this, is that commercial properties can also have much greater vacancy periods. While residential properties may only take a matter of weeks to be rented out, commercial properties can potentially take up to a year or more, which is why tenanted properties can sell at a much higher price than vacant ones. This is something that should be taken into account when considering investing in a property.Commercial property is more elastic, meaning they are very price sensitive to market conditions. Potential buyers should be aware that residential property generally performs more consistently during economic downturns, whilst retail units and off plan properties are usually the first property types to suffer. With that being said, with residential properties being relatively inelastic, it can take longer for investors to get the same returns. Following the 2008 market crash, it took a long time for the residential property market to fully recover. With commercial property, there tends to be larger fluctuations in market prices and trends, such as the increasing prevalence of e-commerce which has had an impact on commercial property prices. Although this trend may result in a shift in demand for retail units, it is causing a surge in demand for other types of commercial properties. Compared to traditional brick and mortar stores, e-commerce is a more labour intensive process requiring more warehouse space, which may signal a trend towards more logistics based commercial spaces. We have also seen that with the increasing trend of working from home, commercial office space is heading more towards more premium units in higher quality and more strategic locations, with an added focus on employee satisfaction. This demonstrates that commercial property is a solid investment option, so long as the buyer looks at the current market conditions and makes an informed decision about where and how to invest. (Take a look at our 2021 Q1 report which provides a more in depth insight into the current market trends).  Tenant behaviourWith commercial property, landlords deal with a company rather than an individual. As such the relationships tend to be more professional, with both parties seeing the process as more transactional. With business being the primary objective of both parties, it can make the relationships more efficient. What’s more, commercial landlords tend to have more protection under the law if the tenant fails to meet their contractual obligations, giving the landlord an added layer of security.Residential real estate can typically be considered higher maintenance and more hands on than commercial properties, and as such commercial properties are generally easier to manage. In a commercial property, day to day maintenance issues are usually handled by the tenant. Further to this, companies typically operate normal working hours, and as such any issues that may arise with the property is handled within a working week and during the day. With residential, on the other hand, landlords can expect to be called at any time on any day.  This is definitely something to consider if you are aiming to make property investment a primary income stream or if you are planning on buying multiple units. If dealing with multiple residential properties, investors may want to consider employing a property management company to deal with maintenance issues, something that may not be required for commercial properties. A commercial property investment may seem like an intimidating prospect, however the rewards can outweigh the risks. Whilst it is important to understand that investing in commercial property is not the same as investing in residential, both have risks and benefits associated with them. Before deciding to make an investment in commercial real estate, it would be a good idea to sit down with an experienced commercial broker or specialists in commercial property investment. A good broker will talk you through your different options and aid you through the buying process. For more information about property investments, please contact our team or check our properties available for sale.